2 (a) Name three holy books which Muslims believe were revealed - OCR - GCSE Religious Studies - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 1

Predestination, or al Qadr, signifies that Allah has preordained everything in the universe. For Muslims, this means that Allah's knowledge encompasses all actions, good or bad, and that believers have trust in Allah's plan while still being responsible for their intentions and actions.

Niyyah, or intention, is crucial in Islam as it determines the value and acceptance of a deed. For Muslims, having a sincere intention behind actions, especially in acts of worship, is essential for them to be deemed valid. It emphasizes that the purpose behind actions matters more than the action itself.

Different Muslim attitudes to Divine Justice (Al-Adl) vary among sects and interpretations. Sunni Muslims generally believe in God's absolute justice, emphasizing that everyone will be held accountable for their actions on the Day of Judgment. On the other hand, Shia Muslims may interpret Divine Justice to involve a more compassionate view, where God's mercy plays a significant role. Additionally, some might argue that suffering in this world is a test, while others see it as a form of divine justice in itself.

To discuss this statement, one can analyze various points of view within Islam. Many believe that fasting during Ramadan is a foundational act of worship and self-discipline, making it indispensable. However, Id-ul-Fitr, which marks the end of the fasting month, is a celebration of community and gratitude, reflecting the importance of social bonds and joy in faith. Some scholars suggest that both practices fulfill different spiritual needs. Referring to sources such as Islamic teachings and Hadith, it is evident that balance in worship and celebration is vital, pointing to a holistic approach in Islamic life.