Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 4 - 2022
Question 4
Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds.
(a) Propyl octanoate is a compound found in coconut oil.
(i) Name the functional group in propyl octanoate.
(ii) Draw... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 4 - 2022
Step 1
Name the functional group in propyl octanoate.
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Answer
The functional group in propyl octanoate is an ester group, represented as -COO-.
Step 2
Draw a structural formula for the carboxylic acid formed by hydrolysis of propyl octanoate.
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Answer
The structural formula for the carboxylic acid formed, which is octanoic acid, is:
H H H H H H O
\ | | | | | ||
C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--OH
/
H
Step 3
Suggest a name for the other product.
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Answer
The other product formed from the hydrolysis of the isomer is likely propanoic acid.
Step 4
Using the graph and the information in the table, predict the number of carbons in glyceryl trilaurate.
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Answer
Glyceryl trilaurate is expected to have 35 - 45 carbon atoms based on its retention time in the chromatography experiment.
Step 5
Identify the compound listed in the table which is the most unsaturated.
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Answer
The most unsaturated compound listed in the table is glyceryl trilinoleate.
Step 6
State how emulsifiers are made from edible oils.
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Answer
Emulsifiers are made from edible oils by reacting the oils with glycerol to form emulsifying agents that can stabilize mixtures of oil and water.
Step 7
Explain fully how emulsifiers prevent non-polar and polar liquids from separating into layers.
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Emulsifiers work by containing both hydrophobic (non-polar) and hydrophilic (polar) parts. The hydrophobic part, which is typically a long hydrocarbon chain, interacts with non-polar liquids, while the hydrophilic part, typically a hydroxyl group, interacts with polar liquids. This dual action allows emulsifiers to create a stable mixture, preventing these two immiscible liquids from separating.
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