Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 4 - 2022
Question 4
Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds.
(a) Propyl octanoate is a compound found in coconut oil.
(i) Name the functional group in propyl octanoate.
(ii) Draw... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 4 - 2022
Step 1
Name the functional group in propyl octanoate.
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Answer
The functional group in propyl octanoate is an ester.
Step 2
Draw a structural formula for the carboxylic acid formed by hydrolysis of propyl octanoate.
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Answer
The structural formula for the carboxylic acid (octanoic acid) formed by hydrolysis is:
O
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H3C-(CH2)6-C-OH
Step 3
Suggest a name for the other product.
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Answer
The other product of the hydrolysis is propanol.
Step 4
Using the graph and the information in the table, predict the number of carbons in glyceryl trilaurate.
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Answer
From the chromatography graph, glyceryl trilaurate has a retention time that suggests it contains approximately 35 - 45 carbons.
Step 5
Identify the compound listed in the table which is the most unsaturated.
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Answer
The most unsaturated compound listed in the table is glyceryl tricaprate.
Step 6
State how emulsifiers are made from edible oils.
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Emulsifiers are made by reacting edible oils with glycerol.
Step 7
Explain fully how emulsifiers prevent non-polar and polar liquids from separating into layers.
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Emulsifiers work by having a hydrophilic (water-attracting) part and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) part. The hydrophilic part interacts with polar liquids, while the hydrophobic part interacts with non-polar liquids. This dual character allows emulsifiers to stabilize mixtures of non-polar and polar substances, preventing them from separating into layers.
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