Esters can be synthetic or natural - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 7 - 2019
Question 7
Esters can be synthetic or natural.
(a) The synthetic polyester PET, poly(ethylene terephthalate), has many ester links. PET can break down by a free radical reactio... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Esters can be synthetic or natural - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 7 - 2019
Step 1
(i) State the name for this step.
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Answer
The name for this step is propagation.
Step 2
(ii) Name the component of sunlight that can cause plastics such as PET to break down.
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Answer
The component of sunlight that can cause plastics such as PET to break down is ultraviolet (UV) light.
Step 3
(iii) Name the type of substance that can be added to plastics to prevent them breaking down in this way.
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The type of substance that can be added to plastics to prevent them from breaking down is an anti-oxidant, also known as a free radical scavenger.
Step 4
(i) Name product Y in this reaction.
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Product Y in this reaction is water (H₂O).
Step 5
(ii) Draw the structure for the cyclic compound formed when 4-hydroxypentanoic acid is heated with dilute acid.
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The structure of the cyclic compound formed when 4-hydroxypentanoic acid is heated with dilute acid would resemble a lactone where the hydroxyl group interacts with the carbonyl group, forming a five-membered ring.
Step 6
(iii) Name the hydroxycarboxylic acid shown below.
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The hydroxycarboxylic acid shown below is 3-hydroxybutanoic acid.
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