Which of the following statements is true? A - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 8 - 2023

This statement is also false. A chloride ion (Cl^-) is larger than the chlorine atom because the addition of an electron results in increased electron-electron repulsion, expanding the electron cloud.

This statement is incorrect. The magnesium ion (Mg^2+) is smaller than the magnesium atom because losing two electrons increases the effective nuclear charge per electron, pulling the remaining electrons closer to the nucleus.

This statement is false. The oxide ion (O^2-) is larger than the neutral oxygen atom due to the addition of two electrons, which increases electron-electron repulsion and enlarges the electron cloud.