Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 4 - 2022
Question 4
Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds.
(a) Propyl octanoate is a compound found in coconut oil.
(i) Name the functional group in propyl octanoate.
(ii) Draw ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Coconut oil contains a mixture of compounds - Scottish Highers Chemistry - Question 4 - 2022
Step 1
Name the functional group in propyl octanoate.
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Answer
The functional group in propyl octanoate is an ester.
Step 2
Draw a structural formula for the carboxylic acid formed by hydrolysis of propyl octanoate.
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Answer
The structural formula for the carboxylic acid formed by hydrolysis of propyl octanoate is:
O
||
H - C - C - C - C - C - C - C - O - H
| | | | | | |
H H H H H H H
This represents octanoic acid (or caprylic acid).
Step 3
Suggest a name for the other product.
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Answer
The other product formed from the hydrolysis of an isomer of propyl octanoate could be butanol.
Step 4
Using the graph and the information in the table, predict the number of carbons in glyceryl trilaurate.
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Answer
Based on the chromatography graph and the provided molecular formula of glyceryl trilaurate, it is predicted that glyceryl trilaurate contains 35 - 45 carbons.
Step 5
Identify the compound listed in the table which is the most unsaturated.
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Answer
The most unsaturated compound listed in the table is glyceryl triarachidonate.
Step 6
State how emulsifiers are made from edible oils.
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Answer
Emulsifiers are made from edible oils by reacting oils with glycerol.
Step 7
Explain fully how emulsifiers prevent non-polar and polar liquids from separating into layers.
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Emulsifiers have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts. The hydrophobic part, usually made up of hydrocarbon chains, interacts with non-polar liquids, dissolving in them. The hydrophilic part, which contains a polar group, interacts with polar liquids. This dual affinity allows emulsifiers to stabilize mixtures of polar and non-polar substances, preventing them from separating into layers.
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