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To what extent was the unification of the Islamic states under Saladin the main reason for the fall of Jerusalem in 1187? In 1187, the Muslim leader, Saladin wiped out the Crusader army at the Battle of Hattin, in Syria - Scottish Highers History - Question 23 - 2022
Question 23
To what extent was the unification of the Islamic states under Saladin the main reason for the fall of Jerusalem in 1187? In 1187, the Muslim leader, Saladin wiped ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:To what extent was the unification of the Islamic states under Saladin the main reason for the fall of Jerusalem in 1187? In 1187, the Muslim leader, Saladin wiped out the Crusader army at the Battle of Hattin, in Syria - Scottish Highers History - Question 23 - 2022
Step 1
Unification of Islamic states under Saladin
Answer
The unification of Islamic states by Saladin played a pivotal role in the fall of Jerusalem. Following Nur-ad-Din's death, Saladin sought to consolidate power across the region, effectively bringing together disparate Muslim factions. Saladin's successful military campaigns allowed him to expand his influence and rally support for the Muslim cause against the Crusaders.
Step 2
Death of Baldwin IV
Answer
The death of Baldwin IV of Jerusalem in 1185 weakened the Crusader position. Baldwin's inability to maintain effective leadership due to his illness led to further fragmentation within the Crusader states. The lack of a strong unifying figure made the Crusaders more susceptible to Saladin's growing power.
Step 3
Divisions among the Crusaders
Answer
Post-Baldwin, the Crusader states suffered from infighting and lack of coordination. Key figures like Guy de Lusignan and Raymond of Tripoli had conflicting interests, leading to disunity that Saladin exploited. The Crusaders were unable to mount a cohesive defense against the well-prepared Muslim forces.
Step 4
Lack of support from the Christian West
Answer
The Crusaders also faced a lack of resources and support from Europe at a critical time. As divisions deepened and morale waned, efforts to secure reinforcements failed. This greatly limited their capacity to respond effectively to Saladin's offensives.
Step 5
Conclusion
Answer
In conclusion, while various factors contributed to the fall of Jerusalem, the unification of the Islamic states under Saladin was a significant reason. The combination of unified military leadership, internal Crusader disunity, and lack of external support culminated in the successful capture of Jerusalem by Saladin in 1187.