Photo AI
Study the sources below and attempt the following questions - Scottish Highers History - Question 1 - 2023
Question 1
Study the sources below and attempt the following questions. Source A from Michael Lynch, Scotland: A New History (1993). The dynastic crisis posed by the accident... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Study the sources below and attempt the following questions - Scottish Highers History - Question 1 - 2023
Step 1
How much do Sources A and B reveal about differing interpretations of the Guardians during the early years of the succession problem, 1286–1289?
Answer
Sources A and B present contrasting perspectives on the role and effectiveness of the Guardians during the succession crisis following Alexander III's death. Source A emphasizes the political instability that emerged in the absence of a strong monarchical figure, highlighting the inability of the Guardians to maintain a coherent governing structure. Lynch suggests that the Guardians struggled due to insufficient political authority and the divergent interests of the nobles. Conversely, Source B provides a more optimistic view, indicating that initially, the death of Alexander III did not impede Scotland's governance, as seen through the quick assembly of Parliament and the Guardians' official functions. It shows that while there were challenges, there was an active response to maintain order. Overall, both sources illustrate the complexities of the Guardians' roles, with Source A indicating significant challenges and Source B suggesting a degree of order was maintained despite the chaos.
Step 2
Explain the reasons why there were difficulties in the relationship between John Balliol and Edward I.
Answer
The difficulties between John Balliol and Edward I stem from a power struggle where Balliol's claim to the Scottish throne was undermined by Edward's overarching ambition. Edward sought to assert his dominance over Scotland following Balliol's coronation. Conflicting interests arose as Balliol was pressured to acknowledge Edward's supremacy, leading to resentment among Scottish nobles and Balliol himself. Furthermore, Edward's interference in Scottish affairs, including military campaigns and political maneuvering, alienated Balliol and ultimately weakened his position as a ruler. This dynamic created a fractious relationship marked by distrust and conflict.
Step 3
How fully does Source C explain the role of William Wallace and Scottish resistance?
Answer
Source C provides a substantial account of William Wallace's critical role in leading Scottish resistance against English domination. It highlights his emergence as a national figure following his decisive actions against English forces at Lanark, positioning him as a key leader of the outlaws opposing English rule. While the source captures Wallace's significance, it could benefit from additional context regarding the wider resistance movement and the support he received from other leaders and factions. However, it does effectively convey the urgent need for a united Scottish front against external threats.
Step 4
Evaluate the usefulness of Source D as evidence of Bruce's conflict with and victory over his subjects, 1306–1309.
Answer
Source D is valuable in illustrating Bruce’s political maneuvers and the challenges he faced in solidifying his rule after his ascent to the throne. It provides insight into the intricate dynamics between Bruce and the Comyns, as well as his strategic thinking in the pursuit of power. However, its usefulness is somewhat limited by its retrospective nature, being written long after the events it describes. The source reflects Bower's perspective, potentially glossing over nuances in Bruce's conflicts and victories, making it essential to corroborate with other primary sources for a more rounded understanding of this historical period.