A scientist investigated the effectiveness of four different types of influenza vaccine - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 13 - 2015
Question 13
A scientist investigated the effectiveness of four different types of influenza vaccine. A total of 2000 volunteers from a Scottish community were divided into four ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:A scientist investigated the effectiveness of four different types of influenza vaccine - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 13 - 2015
Step 1
Suggest one way in which the scientist could minimise variation between the four groups of volunteers.
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Answer
To minimize variation between the four groups, the scientist could ensure that each group contains individuals of similar ages and a similar gender mix. This would help maintain consistency in the demographics of the study participants.
Step 2
Complete the table for the volunteers who received type S vaccine.
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Did not develop influenza = 483
Total = 500
Step 3
State which of the vaccines P, Q or R was most effective in this investigation.
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Vaccine R was the most effective in this investigation, as it had the lowest number of individuals who developed influenza.
Step 4
Explain why vaccines usually contain an adjuvant.
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Vaccines usually contain an adjuvant because it enhances or improves the immune response and antibody production, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the vaccine.
Step 5
State the term used to describe such an outbreak.
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The term used to describe such an outbreak is a 'pandemic.'
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