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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which lymphocytes destroy the myelin sheath - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 23 - 2019
Question 23
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which lymphocytes destroy the myelin sheath. Which row in the table shows the type of lymphocyte involved and the... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which lymphocytes destroy the myelin sheath - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 23 - 2019
Step 1
Which row in the table shows the type of lymphocyte involved and the effect on the speed of nerve impulse transmission?
Answer
To answer this question, we need to understand the roles of different types of lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis (MS) and their effects on nerve impulse transmission.
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Understanding Lymphocytes: In the context of MS, T lymphocytes (T cells) are primarily involved in the autoimmune response that leads to the destruction of the myelin sheath. B lymphocytes (B cells) play a complementary role but are not directly responsible for the nerve impulse transmission impairment.
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Effect on Nerve Impulse Transmission: The destruction of the myelin sheath by T lymphocytes results in decreased speed of nerve impulse transmission. This is due to the crucial role of myelin in facilitating the rapid conduction of electrical impulses along nerve fibers.
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Identifying the Correct Row: Based on the information above, the correct row should indicate that T lymphocytes lead to decreased speed of nerve impulse transmission.
Therefore, the correct answer is: D: T, decreased.