The diagram shows some of the stages leading to the production of a clone of T lymphocytes by the immune system in response to infection by a pathogen - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 10 - 2017
Question 10
The diagram shows some of the stages leading to the production of a clone of T lymphocytes by the immune system in response to infection by a pathogen.
(a) Name the... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows some of the stages leading to the production of a clone of T lymphocytes by the immune system in response to infection by a pathogen - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 10 - 2017
Step 1
Name the structures labelled X.
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Answer
Antigens.
Step 2
Describe what happens during Stage A.
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During Stage A, phagocytosis occurs, where the pathogen is engulfed and captured by the phagocyte. The phagocyte then breaks down the pathogen and displays fragments of its antigens on its surface, allowing it to present these to T lymphocytes.
Step 3
Name the chemicals which aid the movement of T lymphocytes to the site of infection.
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Cytokines.
Step 4
Describe an advantage of having memory cells.
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Memory cells allow for a faster and greater immune response to the same pathogen upon subsequent exposures, enabling the body to respond more effectively to infections.
Step 5
State how a tuberculosis (TB) pathogen avoids immune detection.
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It survives/ hides within phagocytic cells/ phagocytes.
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