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Various types of white blood cell are involved in the non-specific immune response - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 11 - 2015
Question 11
Various types of white blood cell are involved in the non-specific immune response. (a) Describe the role of each of the following cells in the non-specific defence... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Various types of white blood cell are involved in the non-specific immune response - Scottish Highers Human Biology - Question 11 - 2015
Step 1
(i) Mast cells
Answer
Mast cells play a crucial role in the non-specific immune response by releasing histamine. Histamine causes vasodilation, which leads to increased permeability of blood vessels. This allows more immune cells and fluids to reach the affected area, enhancing the body's defensive mechanisms. Moreover, mast cells also release cytokines that help in recruiting other immune cells, particularly phagocytes, to the site of infection.
Step 2
Step 3
Explain how the presence of phagocytes is important in the activation of T lymphocytes.
Answer
Phagocytes are essential in activating T lymphocytes as they engulf and destroy bacteria and other pathogens. During this process, phagocytes display the antigens from the destroyed pathogens on their surface. This antigen presentation is crucial for T cells, as it allows them to recognize and respond to the specific antigens, thereby activating the adaptive immune response.