Explain circadian rhythms relating to sleep and dreams. - Scottish Highers Psychology - Question b - 2023

Circadian rhythms are largely influenced by environmental factors, particularly light and darkness. Light exposure promotes alertness and wakefulness, while darkness signals the body to prepare for sleep, primarily through the release of melatonin from the pineal gland.

Studies show that without environmental cues, circadian rhythms can shift, illustrating that exposure to natural light and darkness is crucial for maintaining regular sleep patterns.

Individuals who work night shifts often experience disturbances in their circadian rhythms, leading to various sleep disorders and challenges in waking during standard daytime hours.

Dreams typically occur during REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, which happens in cycles throughout the night. These cycles are aligned with the circadian rhythm, emphasizing the connection between sleep stages and the body’s internal clock.

Ultimately, circadian rhythms are integral to sleep and dreaming, with their regulation being critical for overall health and well-being.