7.3.1 Objectivity & The Empirical Method; Replicability and Falsifiability

Objectivity

When all sources of personal bias are minimised so as not to distort or influence the research process. The methods that are associated with the greatest level of control are lab-based – they tend to be the most objective.

The Empirical Method

Scientific approaches are based on gathering evidence through direct observation and experience. A theory cannot claim to be scientific unless it has been empirically tested and verified.

Replicability

The extent to which scientific procedures and findings can be repeated by other researchers. If a scientific theory is to be trusted, the findings from its studies must be shown to be repeatable across several different contexts and circumstances. Replication is important for determining validity and reliability therefore the extent to which findings can be generalised. For replication to occur, psychologists must report their investigations with as much precision as possible.

Falsifiability

The principle is that a theory cannot be considered scientific unless it admits the possibility of being proved untrue.