2.1.6 Enzymes & Digestion

Key Enzymes in Digestion:

1. Carbohydrases:

• Example: Amylase breaks down starch into simple sugars like maltose.
• Where it works: Amylase is produced in the salivary glands, pancreas, and small intestine.

2. Proteases:

• Example: Pepsin breaks down proteins into amino acids.
• Where it works: Pepsin is found in the stomach, while other proteases are produced in the pancreas and small intestine.

3. Lipases:

• Example: Lipase breaks down lipids (fats) into fatty acids and glycerol.
• Where it works: Lipase is produced in the pancreas and small intestine.

Importance in Digestion:

• Enzymes ensure that large food molecules are broken down into smaller, soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body for energy, growth, and repair.
• They work best at specific pH levels and temperatures, which vary depending on where they function in the digestive system.