2.1.6 Enzymes & Digestion

infoNote

Enzymes are biological catalysts that play a crucial role in digestion by breaking down large, complex food molecules into smaller, absorbable ones. Each enzyme is specific to a particular type of molecule, ensuring that digestion occurs efficiently.

Key Enzymes in Digestion:

Carbohydrases:

Example: Amylase breaks down starch into simple sugars like maltose.
Where it works: Amylase is produced in the salivary glands, pancreas, and small intestine.

Proteases:

Example: Pepsin breaks down proteins into amino acids.
Where it works: Pepsin is found in the stomach, while other proteases are produced in the pancreas and small intestine.

Lipases:

Example: Lipase breaks down lipids (fats) into fatty acids and glycerol.
Where it works: Lipase is produced in the pancreas and small intestine.

Importance in Digestion:

Enzymes ensure that large food molecules are broken down into smaller, soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body for energy, growth, and repair.
They work best at specific pH levels and temperatures, which vary depending on where they function in the digestive system.

infoNote

Without enzymes, the process of digestion would be too slow to meet the body's needs, making them essential for maintaining good health and efficient nutrient absorption.

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