Formulations Simplified Revision Notes for GCSE AQA Chemistry

Revision notes with simplified explanations to understand Formulations quickly and effectively.

Learn about Purity, Formulations & Chromatography for your GCSE Chemistry Exam. This Revision Note includes a summary of Purity, Formulations & Chromatography for easy recall in your Chemistry exam

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8.1.2 Formulations

What Are Formulations?

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A formulation is a carefully designed mixture made for a specific purpose. These mixtures are often quite complex, with each ingredient chosen to perform a certain role.

When making a formulation, the chemicals are mixed in exact amounts to make sure the final product has the right properties. If even one ingredient is added in the wrong amount, the product might not work as intended and could even become unsafe.

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Example: Paint as a Formulation Paint is a great example of a formulation. It's made up of several different substances, each with its own job:

Pigment: This gives the paint its colour. Most pigments are metal oxides, like titanium oxide, which is used in white paints.
Solvent: The solvent's job is to dissolve the other ingredients and control the thickness (viscosity) of the paint. When the paint is applied, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind the pigment and other components.
Binder: The binder makes the pigment stick to the surface you're painting.
Additives: These are added to give the paint special features, like a glossy or matte finish, or even to make it glow in the dark.

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Other Examples of Formulations Formulations are found in many everyday products, not just paint.

For instance:

Medicines: Carefully mixed to ensure they're safe and effective.
Drinks: Both soft and alcoholic drinks are formulations, with ingredients chosen to create the right taste, texture, and shelf life.
Metal Alloys: Mixtures of metals that have properties stronger or more durable than the individual metals.
Cleaning Products: Formulated to clean effectively without damaging surfaces. And many more products we use every day are the result of careful formulation, ensuring they work just as needed.

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