5.1.4 Tourism in Jamaica - Case Study

How Can Tourism Reduce the Development Gap?

• Tourism can help poor countries develop by reducing the development gap.
• 📝 Example: Jamaica as a popular tourist destination.

Where is Jamaica?

• Fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean.
• Tropical climate with high temperatures year-round.
• Known for beautiful beaches, rich cultural heritage, and excellent communications.
• Popular destination for cruise ships.

Why Does Jamaica Need Tourism?

• One of the largest islands in the West Indies.
• Population: 2.7 million (a third of London's size).
• Economy: Minerals (bauxite, oil), agriculture (sugar, rum), manufacturing.
• Classified as an 'upper middle-income country'.
• Suffered from slow growth, debt, and high unemployment over a long period.

Advantages to Jamaica's Tourism:

1. Economic Contribution:

• In 2014, tourism contributed to 24% of Jamaica's GDP.
• Generates US$2 billion annually, increasing the economy.
• Taxes from tourism income benefit the government.

2. Employment:

• Main source of employment, providing 200,000 jobs directly or indirectly.

3. Environmental Benefits:

• A water treatment plant in Logwood reduces hotel pollution.

4. Community and Eco-tourism:

• Expanding in isolated regions, supporting local businesses and guides.

5. Infrastructure:

• Development of high-quality housing on the north coast, enhancing tourist industry.

Disadvantages to Jamaica's Tourism:

1. Cruise Passengers:

• 1.1 million annually, spending little locally (no multiplier effect).

2. Environmental Impact:

• Increased waste and harmful emissions with more tourists.

3. Economic Leakage:

• Tourists often stay in international chain hotels, not spending locally.

4. Uneven Development:

• Infrastructure improvements focused on the north, neglecting isolated rural areas.