Photosynthesis

Introduction

• Photosynthesis is the process used by green plants to capture light energy and convert it into carbohydrates.

Light Interaction with Leaves

When light strikes a leaf:

• About 12% is reflected
• Approximately 5% is transmitted through the leaf
• The remaining 83% is absorbed by pigments within chloroplasts

Chloroplast Pigments

• Pigments are chemicals found within chloroplasts that absorb and convert light energy into chemical energy.
• Principal pigments: chlorophyll a and b
  • They mainly absorb red and blue wavelengths of light.
• Additional pigments like carotenoids (carotene and xanthophyll) are also present.
  • They absorb light from other regions of the spectrum and pass energy to chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

Investigating Photosynthesis Pigments

• The different pigments involved in photosynthesis can be studied using techniques like thin-layer chromatography.

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Photosynthesis

Summary

• Photosynthesis is the process where plants convert light energy into carbohydrates.
• Light interaction with leaves involves reflection, transmission, and absorption.
• Chloroplast pigments, especially chlorophyll a and b, are responsible for light absorption.
• Other pigments like carotenoids extend the range of absorbed wavelengths.