Coastal Erosion - The Four Processes Involved

Definition:

• Coastal erosion is the gradual wearing away of land and the removal of materials along a coastline by the action of natural processes, primarily involving water.

The Four Processes Involved

Hydraulic Action:

• Definition: Hydraulic action is the force of water against the coastline, particularly during storms or high tides, which can dislodge and erode rocks and sediment.
• Impact: It can create cracks and weaknesses in rocks, leading to their eventual breakdown.

Abrasion:

• Definition: Abrasion is the process where rocks and sediment carried by waves, currents, and tides scrape and rub against the coastline, wearing it down.
• Impact: It smoothens and shapes coastal features while carrying away particles

Attrition:

• Definition: Attrition is the process of rocks and pebbles carried by the sea colliding with each other, breaking into smaller pieces over time.
• Impact: This results in smaller, smoother stones and sediment that can be transported by waves.

Solution:

• Definition: Solution is the process where certain types of rocks, like limestone and chalk, are slowly dissolved by the chemical action of seawater.
• Impact: Over time, it can create caves, sinkholes, and other coastal landforms.

---

Coastal Erosion - The Four Processes Involved

Factors Affecting Coastal Erosion:

• Higher energy waves, such as storm waves, have a greater erosive impact on coastlines.
• The type of rock and its resistance to erosion play a significant role in determining erosion rates.
• Plant roots can help stabilise coastal soil and reduce erosion.
• Human developments, such as coastal defences and alterations to sediment transport, can influence erosion rates.