Introduction: Urban Change

Urbanisation Defined:

• Urbanisation refers to the increasing proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas.
• It is a global trend driven by factors such as industrialisation, rural-to-urban migration, and economic opportunities in cities.

Key Characteristics:

• Population Growth: Cities experience significant population growth as people migrate from rural areas.
• Infrastructure Development: Urban areas have better infrastructure, including transportation, healthcare, and education facilities.
• Economic Activity: Cities are hubs for economic activities and offer a wide range of job opportunities.
• Cultural Diversity: Urban areas often have a diverse population with different cultures, languages, and lifestyles.

Causes of Urban Change:

• Industrialisation: The growth of industries in cities attracts people seeking employment.
• Rural-to-Urban Migration: People move to cities in search of better living conditions and job opportunities.
• Natural Population Growth: Higher birth rates in urban areas contribute to population growth.
• Globalisation: Increased connectivity and global trade influence urban development.

Consequences of Urban Change:

• Economic Growth: Urbanization can drive economic development and innovation.
• Infrastructure Challenges: Rapid urbanisation can strain infrastructure, leading to congestion and inadequate services.
• Environmental Impact: Urban growth can result in pollution, deforestation, and habitat loss.
• Social Changes: Urbanization can bring cultural diversity but may also lead to social challenges and disparities.

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Introduction: Urban Change

Summary

• Urban change involves the transformation of rural areas into urban ones, driven by factors like industrialisation and rural-to-urban migration. This process has economic, social, and environmental consequences that shape the modern world.