Measuring the Acceleration of a Falling Object

Measuring Acceleration of a Falling Object

Introduction

• Measuring the acceleration due to gravity is essential in physics, and various methods can be employed for this purpose. In this set of notes, we will explore one method that relies on the equations of motion to measure the acceleration of a falling object.

Method 1: Using a Timing Plate

• This method involves using a timing plate, and the equation used is s = ut + ½at², where:
  • s represents the distance fallen (in meters).
  • u is the initial velocity (usually 0 m/s for objects in free fall).
  • t is the time taken for the object to fall (in seconds).
  • a is the acceleration due to gravity (m/s²).

Procedure for Measuring Acceleration with a Timing Plate

• Drop the object from a known height (distance s).
• Measure the time it takes for the object to fall to the ground (t).
• Use the equation to calculate the acceleration (a).

Method 2: Using Two Light Gates

• An alternative experiment involves the use of two light gates and a timer to measure the time taken for an object to pass through them.

Procedure for Measuring Acceleration with Light Gates

• Place two light gates a known distance apart.
• Let the object fall through the first gate, triggering the timer.
• Measure the time it takes for the object to pass through the second gate.
• Use the equation s = ut + 0.5at² to calculate the acceleration.

Required Measurements for Method 2

• To use the equation effectively, you will need to measure the following:
  • Length of the falling object's path (s in meters).
  • Time taken to cut the first light gate (t₁ in seconds).
  • Time between cutting the two light gates (Δt in seconds).
  • Time taken to cut the second light gate (t₂ in seconds).

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Measuring the Acceleration of a Falling Object

Physics

Summary