Use of Embryos - Reproductive

Introduction

The use of embryos in the context of morality, medicine, and the human body is a complex and contentious topic that raises important ethical and scientific questions.

Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs)

• ARTs include procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), where fertilization occurs outside the body.
• IVF was first successfully performed in the late 1970s, revolutionizing the field of reproductive medicine.

Embryo

• An embryo is the early stage of development of a human organism, typically from conception to eight weeks of gestation.
• The debate often centers on when personhood and moral status begin for the embryo.

Stem Cell Research

• Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the potential to develop into various cell types.
• Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have unique properties but are ethically controversial as they require the destruction of embryos.
• The first human ESC line was established in 1998, sparking ethical debates.

Cloning

• Reproductive cloning aims to create a genetically identical organism.
• Dolly the sheep, the first cloned mammal, was born in 1996, demonstrating the potential for cloning in humans.

Morality and Ethics

• Debates about when life and moral worth begin are central to this topic.
• Different religious, philosophical, and cultural perspectives influence views on embryo use.

---

Religious, Moral and Philosophical Studies

Reproductive

Legal Regulations

• Various countries have enacted laws and regulations governing the use of embryos, including the duration embryos can be stored, consent, and permissible research activities.

Conclusion

The use of embryos in morality, medicine, and the human body is a multifaceted topic that has evolved significantly over the years. The development of ARTs, stem cell research, and cloning techniques have raised important ethical questions and generated extensive debates. Understanding the historical context, key concepts, and ethical concerns surrounding this topic is essential for those studying the Scottish Highers curriculum. As science and technology continue to advance, these debates will persist, highlighting the importance of considering the rights and moral status of embryos in the context of modern medicine.