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Both nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are processes by which the nuclei of atoms are altered to create energy - Leaving Cert Physics - Question d - 2019
Question d
Both nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are processes by which the nuclei of atoms are altered to create energy. ( i ) \(^{238}U\) is a uranium atom. How many pr... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Both nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are processes by which the nuclei of atoms are altered to create energy - Leaving Cert Physics - Question d - 2019
Step 1
Step 2
( i ) How many neutrons are in this uranium atom?
Answer
To find the number of neutrons in (^{238}U), subtract the atomic number from the mass number:
[
\text{Number of Neutrons} = \text{Mass Number} - \text{Atomic Number} = 238 - 92 = 146
]
Thus, there are 146 neutrons in this uranium atom.
Step 3
Step 4
( iii ) Distinguish between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
Answer
Nuclear fission is the process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei, accompanied by the release of energy.
Nuclear fusion, on the other hand, is the process where two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, also releasing energy.
Both processes release significant amounts of energy but occur under different conditions and mechanisms.
Step 5
( iv ) State one advantage and one disadvantage of nuclear energy.
Answer
One advantage of nuclear energy is that it produces large amounts of energy with minimal carbon emissions, making it a cleaner alternative to fossil fuels.
A disadvantage is the potential danger of radiation leaks and the associated health risks, as well as challenges in managing radioactive waste.