7.1 Name TWO characteristics of an ideal op amp - English General - NSC Electrical Technology Electronics - Question 7 - 2016 - Paper 1

The bandwidth is the range of frequencies within which an amplifier can operate without causing distortion to the output signal. It defines the frequencies over which the amplifier acts linearly or maintains its specified gain.

Positive feedback occurs when the output signal of an amplifier is fed back into the input in phase with the original input signal. This can lead to an increase in output and can potentially drive the system towards saturation.

The circuit symbol for an op-amp consists of a triangle shape pointing to the right. The non-inverting input (+) is at the top, the inverting input (-) at the bottom, and the output at the apex of the triangle. The power terminals are indicated as +V_supply and -V_supply.

The input wave form is a sinusoidal waveform represented as V1 and the output wave form is the inverted version of V1 represented as Vout. These should be plotted on the same y-axis for clarity.

The op-amp configuration is a non-inverting amplifier.

The input wave form should be a sine wave, and the output should be a sine wave that is both amplified and in the same phase.

The voltage gain (A_v) can be calculated using the formula:

A_v = rac{V_{out}}{V_{in}} = 1 + rac{R_f}{R_{in}}

In this case, the gain equals 4.

Using the found voltage gain, the output voltage can be calculated as follows:

$V_{out} = A_v imes V_{in} = 4 imes 2.5 ext{ V} = 10 ext{ V}$

1. Tone generator
2. Square wave generator

The input wave form is a square wave signal with specific voltage levels denoted and the output wave form will reflect the behavior of the astable multivibrator based on the input.

The type of feedback used is positive feedback.

One application of the oscillator is as a tone generator.

The oscillation frequency can be calculated using the following formula:

f_{osc} = rac{2 riangle}{6R_{total}C}

Substituting the values gives an oscillation frequency of approximately 43.31 Hz.

One application of an integrator circuit is in signal processing, specifically in analog signal integration.

The input wave form is typically a square wave, while the output wave form will generally be a triangular wave, dependent on the operational frequency and characteristics of the circuit.