Final Accounts (Junior Cert Business Studies): Flashcards

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Income Statement 1 - The Trading Account
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Final accounts

Financial statements prepared at end of trading period

Trading period

Portion of time (usually 1 yr) business buys & sells goods

3 components of final accounts

Trading a/c, P&L a/c, statement of financial position

Trading account purpose

Calculate gross profit/loss from buying & selling goods

Gross profit formula

Sales - Cost of sales

Cost of sales formula

Opening stock + Purchases + Carriage in + Import duties - Closing stock

Opening stock

Value of goods in stock at start of trading period

Closing stock

Value of goods remaining in stock at period end

Carriage inwards

Transportation costs for bringing goods into business

Sales returns

Value of goods customers returned to the business

Gross profit occurs when

Sales are greater than cost of sales

Gross loss occurs when

Cost of sales are greater than sales

Net sales calculation

Sales - Sales returns

Import/customs duties

Taxes paid on goods imported from outside the EU

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