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Complete the following definitions - AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 3
Question 4
Complete the following definitions. The genome is The proteome is Recombinant DNA technology can involve the transfer of fragments of human DNA into bacteria. T... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Complete the following definitions - AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 3
Step 1
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Step 3
Give two reasons why bacteria are able to use human DNA to produce human proteins.
Answer
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Bacteria possess the necessary transcription and translation machinery to process human DNA and produce proteins.
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The genetic code is universal, meaning that bacteria can interpret human genes to synthesize corresponding proteins.
Step 4
Suggest and explain one reason why bacteria might not be able to produce every human protein.
Answer
Bacteria may not have the appropriate post-translational modification machinery required to modify some human proteins correctly, affecting their functionality. For example, some proteins require specific glycosylation that only occurs in eukaryotic cells.
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Step 7
Suggest two explanations for the importance of the enhancer being included in the DNA fragment transferred.
Answer
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The enhancer increases the transcriptional activity of the antithrombin gene in specific tissues, enhancing protein production.
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The enhancer ensures that the antithrombin gene is expressed at the right developmental stage or in response to the right signals, which is crucial for efficient protein production.