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Figure 6 shows a flow diagram for the Haber process - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 6 - 2016 - Paper 3
Question 6
Figure 6 shows a flow diagram for the Haber process. Figure 6 Nitrogen gas Hydrogen gas Reactor containing iron Mixture of gases (nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia)... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 6 shows a flow diagram for the Haber process - AQA - GCSE Chemistry - Question 6 - 2016 - Paper 3
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Describe what happens to the mixture of gases from the reactor.
Answer
The mixture of gases is cooled after passing through the reactor. As a result, ammonia condenses or liquefies, allowing it to be separated from the remaining nitrogen and hydrogen gases. The unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen gases are then recycled and returned to the reactor for further reactions.
Step 4
Step 5
Use Figure 7 to suggest and explain why the conditions used to produce ammonia in the Haber process are a temperature of 450 °C and a pressure of 200 atmospheres.
Answer
The reaction in the Haber process is reversible, with the forward reaction being exothermic. A higher temperature generally reduces the yield of ammonia; however, a lower temperature decreases the reaction rate. Thus, 450 °C is a compromise that provides a satisfactory yield and an adequate rate of reaction. Regarding pressure, increasing pressure favors the formation of ammonia due to the reduction in gas volume. However, extremely high pressures involve greater costs and potential risks; therefore, 200 atmospheres is a practical choice that balances yield and economic viability.