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How significant were pressure groups such as CND and Greenpeace in the period 1980 to 2014? - OCR Gateway - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 3
How significant were pressure groups such as CND and Greenpeace in the period 1980 to 2014?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:How significant were pressure groups such as CND and Greenpeace in the period 1980 to 2014? - OCR Gateway - GCSE History - Question 3 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Assess the significance of CND and Greenpeace
Answer
To evaluate the significance of pressure groups like CND (Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament) and Greenpeace between 1980 and 2014, it is essential to discuss their impact on public opinion and policy changes.
CND was prominent in the 1980s during the Cold War era, advocating for nuclear disarmament. Their campaigns raised awareness about the dangers of nuclear weapons and mobilized large segments of the public. Through protests and mass demonstrations, they influenced political discussions and highlighted concerns regarding the arms race. This pressure eventually contributed to shifts in national policies towards nuclear arms reduction.
Greenpeace, on the other hand, emerged as a vital environmental organization that brought attention to critical global issues such as climate change, deforestation, and pollution. Their direct actions and campaigns, such as stopping whaling and anti-nuclear protests, captured media attention and shaped public discourse on environmental conservation. They facilitated legislation aimed at reducing carbon footprints and promoting sustainable practices.
Both organizations utilized grassroots mobilization and media strategies to highlight their missions, leading to increased political pressure on decision-makers. Their significance can be measured not only through policy changes but also through their ability to shape cultural attitudes towards peace and environmental issues.
Step 2
Examples of their impact
Answer
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CND: The anti-nuclear weapon campaigns of CND led to significant political discourse in the UK, influencing government decisions during the late 20th century, particularly around the signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty in 1987.
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Greenpeace: The organization played a crucial role in the 1997 Kyoto Protocol negotiations by advocating for stricter measures against climate change. Their campaigns helped to bring environmental issues to the forefront, influencing both public policy and corporate practices by urging companies to adopt greener policies.