2.1 The pictures below show the stomach compartments in farm animal - NSC Agricultural Sciences - Question 2 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 2
2.1 The pictures below show the stomach compartments in farm animal.
2.1.1 Indicate the example of an animal with the stomach compartments in the picture above.
2.... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:2.1 The pictures below show the stomach compartments in farm animal - NSC Agricultural Sciences - Question 2 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
Indicate the example of an animal with the stomach compartments in the picture above.
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Answer
The animal represented in the pictures is a ruminant, such as a cattle, sheep, or goat.
Step 2
Identify the letter from the pictures representing the compartment where the following occurs:
(a) Microbial fermentation
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Answer
The compartment where microbial fermentation occurs is represented by letter A.
Step 3
Identify the letter from the pictures representing the compartment where the following occurs:
(b) Grinding of food
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Answer
The compartment where grinding of food occurs is represented by letter B.
Step 4
Identify the letter from the pictures representing the compartment where the following occurs:
(c) Heating rods keep the temperature constant
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Answer
The compartment associated with keeping the temperature constant is compartment A.
Step 5
Explain how the compartment labelled B is structurally suited to perform its function.
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Compartment B is structurally adapted for grinding food due to its muscular walls that facilitate mechanical breakdown of feed particles. This muscular structure allows for strong contractions, effectively reducing the size of food particles.
Step 6
The compartments above assist the animal to live mainly on feed with a high crude fibre content. Refer to the compartment labelled A to justify this statement.
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Answer
Compartment A contains rumen micro-organisms that help break down cellulose from fibrous feed, converting it into volatile fatty acids that can be absorbed and utilized by the animal.
Step 7
Indicate TWO types of roughages and give an example for each from the graph above.
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Answer
Protein-rich roughage: Lucerne hay.
Carbohydrate-rich roughage: Oat hay.
Step 8
Provide the feed component that is an energy rich concentrate.
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Answer
Maize meal is the feed component that serves as an energy-rich concentrate.
Step 9
Suggest whether the ration above can be fed to pigs.
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Answer
The ration cannot be fed to pigs.
Step 10
Give a reason for the suggestion in 2.2.3.
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Answer
The ration contains urea, which cannot be digested by pigs.
Step 11
Indicate whether the trial was done from the ruminant or non-ruminant.
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Answer
The trial was conducted on a non-ruminant.
Step 12
Refer to the data in the table above to justify the answer in QUESTION 2.3.1.
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The crude fiber was poorly digested, indicated by the high percentage (73%) of crude fiber that was excreted.
Step 13
Calculate the amount of feed digested by an animal as a percentage.
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Answer
The amount of feed digested can be calculated as follows:
