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Study the picture of a centre-pivot irrigation system below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Agricultural Technology - Question 6 - 2024 - Paper 1
Question 6
Study the picture of a centre-pivot irrigation system below and answer the questions that follow. 6.1.1 State TWO advantages of using this irrigation system. 6.1.2... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Study the picture of a centre-pivot irrigation system below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Agricultural Technology - Question 6 - 2024 - Paper 1
Step 1
State TWO advantages of using this irrigation system.
Answer
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Time Saving: The centre-pivot irrigation system allows for efficient irrigation over large areas, reducing the amount of time spent watering crops manually.
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Ability to Irrigate Large Lands: This system is designed to cover extensive farmland, making it suitable for farmers with substantial plots.
Step 2
Name TWO communication devices that a farmer can use to effectively control the system.
Answer
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Cell Phone: Farmers can use their mobile devices to monitor and control irrigation systems remotely.
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Tablet: Tablets can be employed to access monitoring apps and adjust irrigation settings effectively.
Step 3
Name TWO tips a farmer must consider before choosing the type of fertiliser to apply through a centre-pivot irrigation system.
Answer
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Fertility Content: Farmers should select fertilisers with a high nutrient content that are suitable for centre-pivot application.
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Particle Size: It’s crucial to avoid fertilisers with large particles that may clog the irrigation system.
Step 4
Step 5
List THREE factors to consider when choosing a new pump for an irrigation field.
Answer
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Capacity of the Pump: Ensuring the pump can handle the required water volume for effective irrigation.
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Durability of the Pump: Selecting a pump that can withstand various environmental conditions and has a long operational life.
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Pressure Requirements: Assessing the pressure needed for the irrigation system and ensuring the pump meets those specifications.
Step 6
Give THREE reasons why PVC pipes are preferred over steel pipes to supply water to an irrigation system.
Answer
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Corrosion Resistance: PVC pipes do not rust, making them more durable in wet conditions.
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Lightweight: PVC is lighter, facilitating easier installation and handling compared to steel.
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Cost-Effective: PVC pipes tend to be cheaper and require less maintenance, providing economic benefits for farmers.
Step 7
Calculate the time it will take to empty the water source.
Answer
To calculate the time required to empty the water source, use the formula:
ext{Time} = rac{ ext{Volume of water}}{ ext{Flow rate}}
Inserting the values:
ext{Time} = rac{72,000 ext{ litres}}{120 ext{ ℓ/min}} = 600 ext{ minutes}
Thus, it will take 600 minutes to empty the water source.
Step 8
Name TWO types of drainage systems that can be used to remove excess water around the buildings of a dairy farm.
Answer
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Channel Drain: A system designed to transport water away from the building efficiently.
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Drainage Ditch: A constructed channel that allows for the removal of excess water from the farm area.
Step 9
Name TWO different water purification methods that can be used to purify brackish water.
Answer
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Distillation: A method that involves boiling water and collecting the vapor to separate salts and impurities.
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Reverse Osmosis: A filtration process that removes ions, molecules, and larger particles from drinking water.
Step 10
Explain the construction and working of the distribution field that is connected to the septic tank.
Answer
The distribution field consists of a narrow trench that is partially filled with gravel. In this trench, perforated or open joint pipes are placed to distribute the effluent from the septic tank. This effluent flows into the surrounding soil, allowing for natural filtration and absorption by the ground.
Step 11
Give TWO reasons why a distribution field should NOT be built near drinking water installations or boreholes.
Answer
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Contamination Risk: Septic tanks can harbor harmful pathogens, which may contaminate nearby drinking supplies if the distribution field is located too close.
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Chemical Infiltration: Chemicals present in septic tank effluent can seep into groundwater, posing health risks to humans accessing drinking water.
Step 12
Name TWO instances where VRT (variable rate technology) can be used in precision farming.
Answer
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Precision Planting: Utilizing VRT to optimize seed placement based on specific field conditions, enhancing crop yield.
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Application of Fertilizers/Lime: Adjusting the amount of fertilizer or lime applied in different areas of the field, tailored to soil needs and nutrient levels.