FIGURE 4.1 below shows a geyser - NSC Civil Technology Civil Services - Question 4 - 2018 - Paper 1

The part inside the geyser that heats the water is the element.

One device that can heat water without using electricity is a solar geyser.

A dripping geyser overflow may be an indication that the pressure control or relief valve is faulty.

If there is no hot water, it may be due to no power to the geyser or a faulty thermostat.

Water leaking through the ceiling could be due to a burst geyser or a major leak in the system.

The SANS approved symbol for an automatic shut-off valve is represented by a square with an arrow indicating the direction of flow.

The SANS approved symbol for a non-return valve is represented by a symbol that shows a line with an arrow indicating the direction in which fluid should flow.

The SANS approved symbol for a pressure reducing valve is represented by a valve symbol with a spring mechanism depicted.

1. Cut the damaged section from the pipe using a pipe cutter.
2. Measure and cut the length of pipe to be replaced.
3. Slip the nuts over the pipes followed by the ferrules, then push the pipes into the fittings and tighten using the correct tools.
4. Alternatively, you can dismantle the joint, ensure sealing of joint with sealing tape, replace compression joint, and tighten all nuts properly.

The fitting in FIGURE 4.6 is a P-Trap or a water trap.

The fitting is usually made from PVC, plastic, or rubber.

Part B will be connected to the bottom of the wash basin.

The seal at C ensures a watertight connection and prevents leaks.

Figure A shows a brass tap, while Figure B depicts a plastic tap.

The brass tap (Figure A) can be used in outdoor settings where durability is required. The plastic tap (Figure B) is suitable for indoor use and in areas subject to corrosion.

Plastic taps are lighter, do not corrode, and are usually cheaper than brass taps, making them cost-effective for outdoor applications.

Installing a water meter helps to track the amount of water consumed by a household and enables the owner to monitor usage.

Dezincification is the selective leaching of zinc from copper alloys, weakening the material.

Dezincification can cause the material to dissolve, leading to a weak, spongy copper structure. It may progress to form blockages if left unchecked.

One method to remove scale or corrosion is through electrolytic cleaning using a wire brush and suitable chemicals.

The type of energy converted by a centrifugal pump is hydraulic energy.

A drain cleaning rod or a plunger would be appropriate tools to clear blockages in drains.

A hydrostatic test kit can be used to test for leakages in a below-ground drainage system.