4.1 Below are photographs of fasteners that are used on building sites - NSC Civil Technology Construction - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1

Name: Steel cut nail / masonry nail.
Use: Mainly used to fix skirting and cleats to brickwork.

Name: Sleeve anchor / Rawlbolt.
Use: Fixing objects into concrete and brickwork to join truss hangers against a wall.

One suitable fastener is a wire nail.

1. Nails are quicker to drive into materials compared to screws, speeding up the construction process.
2. Nails can be made from rust-proof materials, making them more durable in various environmental conditions.

A copper pipe can be joined using a compression joint.

The inside measurements of the room are:

• Long walls: $7,000 mm - 2 imes 220 mm = 6,560 mm$
• Short walls: $4,000 mm - 2 imes 220 mm = 3,560 mm$
  Inside Area: $6,560 mm imes 3,560 mm = 23.36 m²$ (rounded to two decimal places).

Area of one ceiling board:
Dimensions: $4,200 mm imes 1,200 mm$
Convert to square metres:
rac{4,200}{1,000} imes rac{1,200}{1,000} = 5.04 m²

To calculate the length of the skirting, we calculate:

• Total long walls: $2 imes 6,560 mm = 13,120 mm$
• Total short walls: $2 imes 3,560 mm = 7,120 mm$
• Total length: $13,120 + 7,120 - 3,000 = 17,240 mm$.
  Convert to metres: $17,240 mm = 17.24 m$.