2.1 Give THREE examples of indirect taxes that consumers pay on goods and services - NSC Consumer Studies - Question 2 - 2021 - Paper 1

1. Switch off lights when not in use or use automatic light sensors that turn off lights when a room is empty.
2. Replace conventional bulbs with energy-saving compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs.

The production of EcoBricks can significantly reduce water pollution by utilizing plastic waste that would otherwise end up in landfills or oceans. Reducing waste in these areas means contributing towards cleaner water resources and minimizing the risk of contaminants entering waterways. Additionally, the recycling process can help decrease the likelihood of industrial runoff affecting water quality.

The production of EcoBricks can alleviate the burden on municipal waste management systems by reducing the volume of plastic waste that needs to be collected and processed. This can lead to cost savings for municipalities, as fewer resources are needed for waste collection and disposal. Additionally, community involvement in EcoBrick production can foster a sense of ownership and responsibility among citizens concerning their local environment.

Communities should actively engage in initiatives that promote paying for municipal services such as water and electricity, ensuring that illegal connections are minimized. By installing necessary infrastructure and infrastructure maintenance projects funded collectively, communities can help avoid extra costs for the municipality. Also, launching campaigns to raise awareness on community cleanliness and sustainability can further reduce pressure on municipal resources, allowing for better financial management.

1. The shop owner made a false promise/misrepresentation about the bed supporting one's back while sleeping.
2. The shop owner refused to honor the two-year guarantee by not repairing or replacing the bed.

Interest is the amount or percentage that a financial institution or credit provider charges for the use of money borrowed by a consumer.

When the repo rate decreases, banks and financial institutions typically lower the interest rates on home loans. This change from 10% to 9.75% means consumers will pay less interest on their mortgages, allowing them to save money each month. This decrease in expenses may enable consumers to manage their budgets better, as they would pay lower monthly installments. However, if borrowers do not reduce their current bond installments in response to lower rates, they may end up paying off their loans faster than initially planned, saving on interest over time.