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2.1 Explain the following terms: 2.1.1 Pay as you earn (PAYE) What is the employee tax that the employer deducts from an employee's monthly full-time employment income in excess of the tax threshold for a year? 2.1.2 Phishing Define phishing in the context of online security - NSC Consumer Studies - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 2
2.1 Explain the following terms: 2.1.1 Pay as you earn (PAYE) What is the employee tax that the employer deducts from an employee's monthly full-time employment in... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:2.1 Explain the following terms: 2.1.1 Pay as you earn (PAYE) What is the employee tax that the employer deducts from an employee's monthly full-time employment income in excess of the tax threshold for a year? 2.1.2 Phishing Define phishing in the context of online security - NSC Consumer Studies - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain the following terms:
Answer
2.1.1 Pay as You Earn (PAYE)
PAYE is an employee tax that an employer deducts from an employee's monthly earnings exceeding the taxable threshold for the year. The amount deducted is calculated using tax tables and is remitted to the tax authority, ensuring that the individual's tax liability is spread out over the year.
2.1.2 Phishing
Phishing refers to fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords, or credit card details, from unsuspecting users by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in electronic communications, commonly through emails or legitimate-looking websites.
Step 2
Step 3
Name FOUR causes of water pollution.
Answer
- Industrial Discharges: Factories releasing chemicals into waterways.
- Agricultural Runoff: Pesticides and fertilizers entering rivers and lakes.
- Waste Disposal: Improper disposal of waste in water bodies.
- Oil Spills: Accidental release of oil into oceans and rivers.
Step 4
List ways in which a household can save electricity when heating and boiling water.
Answer
- Use a kettle instead of a stove: This is more efficient for boiling water.
- Insulate pipes: Insulating hot water pipes to reduce heat loss.
- Install a geyser timer: To manage electricity use during peak times.
- Only heat the amount needed: Don't boil more water than necessary.
Step 5
Differentiate between direct and indirect taxes paid by a consumer.
Answer
- Direct Taxes: Taxes imposed directly on income, such as personal income tax. They are paid by the individual earning the income.
- Indirect Taxes: Taxes levied on goods and services, such as VAT. These are included in the price and paid by consumers when purchasing.
Step 6
Discuss the advantages of having a two-year guarantee on goods and services.
Answer
A two-year guarantee ensures that consumers receive quality products by promising repairs or replacements for two years, thus providing peace of mind. It encourages manufacturers to maintain higher standards and builds customer loyalty, as consumers feel protected against defects.
Step 7
Explain the responsibilities of municipalities to control the spread of Covid-19.
Answer
Municipalities are responsible for providing essential services like clean water, establishing quarantine facilities, enforcing health regulations, and facilitating public awareness. They also manage sanitation services to ensure public health safety in community spaces.
Step 8
Explain why the advertisement could be considered as a contract when a consumer buys this data package.
Answer
The advertisement constitutes a contract because it represents a mutual agreement where the consumer agrees to pay R269 for the 120GB data package, and the service provider commits to delivering the specified service in return. This agreement is enforceable as both parties are consenting to the terms.
Step 9
State THREE reasons why entering into this contract is legal.
Answer
- Legal Capacity: Both parties are over 18 years old and have the legal capacity to contract.
- Voluntary Agreement: Both parties agree to the terms without coercion, ensuring the contract's validity.
- Legality of Purpose: The contract involves services that are legal and do not violate any laws.