3.1 MAP SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS 3.1.1 The scale of the orthophoto map: A 1 cm represents 100 m 3.1.2 The coordinates of the stadium at F in block B4 on the topographical map is approximately … C 33°56′19″S and 25°36′00″E - NSC Geography - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 2

The coordinates of the stadium at F in block B4 are C: 33°56′19″S and 25°36′00″E based on the topographical features represented.

Using the formula: Actual distance = Map distance x Map scale, if the runway measures 14 cm on the map, then the distance is calculated as follows: Actual distance = 14 cm x 100 m/cm = 1400 m.

The runway appears larger on the orthophoto map because the orthophoto map generally has a larger scale compared to the topographical map, allowing for increased detail and clearer representation of features.

The magnetic declination for 2023 can be calculated using the difference in years. The difference is 2023 − 2021 = 2 years, indicating that the declination may increase or decrease based on the yearly change.

Calculating the magnetic declination for the current year is essential for navigation accuracy. It helps in determining the true north relative to magnetic north, which is crucial for map reading and navigation.

Photograph Y matches the residential area G on the topographical map. The housing density and architectural styles depicted are more consistent with the area G shown on the map.

Evidence supporting the choice of photograph Y includes the presence of smaller plots and higher density housing as depicted in the topographical map, indicating a more urbanized environment.

An example of a green belt on the topographical map is a golf course, which not only provides recreational space but also serves an ecological purpose.

Green belts help to reduce environmental injustices by improving air quality, providing habitats for various ecosystems, and reducing noise pollution, thus promoting a healthier urban environment for local residents.

Evidence indicating that North End is a heavy industrial area includes the presence of large buildings and a network of roads facilitating transport, as seen in blocks A4 and B4.

The cemetery located in the North End area would limit expansion towards the north due to zoning laws and the need to maintain respectful boundaries around such sites.

Employment opportunities in industrial area H would benefit the local area by increasing job availability, resulting in a higher community income level, which could lead to improved local economies and infrastructure development.

The airport is located in the rural-urban fringe of Gqeberha to minimize noise pollution in densely populated areas while still being accessible for residents, promoting both convenience and lower environmental impact.

Buffering in block D2 is evidenced by the presence of green spaces and zones that separate residential areas from industrial sites, helping to mitigate negative environmental effects.

The purpose of buffering in block D2 is to control noise and air pollution, ensuring that residential zones remain livable and free from the adverse impacts of nearby industrial activities.

A data layer is a specific set of information that represents a particular feature or category on a map, allowing for more effective analysis and interpretation of spatial data.

The transport data layer in block B1 can be identified by roads and pathways which facilitate vehicle movement and accessibility throughout the mapped area.

The transport data layer can cause traffic congestion if the roads depicted are insufficient for the volume of traffic, leading to bottlenecks and delays in vehicle movement.