4.1 Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN A - NSC Geography - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1

B. urban sprawl

C. rural-urban fringe

D. urban profile

E. urban function

F. urban hierarchy

G. urban expansion

D. Quaternary

B. Tertiary

C. Export market

C. Gross domestic product

A. PWV-Gauteng

D. Industrial centralisation

B. Secondary activities

D. Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage

Rural-urban migration refers to the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas seeking better living conditions, employment, and opportunities.

Migrants expect to find better job opportunities, improved living conditions, and access to better social services in urban areas.

Rural-urban migration can lead to challenges such as high living costs, inadequate housing, and unemployment in urban areas, which may undermine the initial expectations of migrants.

Rural-urban migration can lead to urban overpopulation, straining city resources and infrastructure. Local services such as healthcare, education, and public transport can become overwhelmed, resulting in a decline in living conditions. It may also contribute to increased unemployment and crime rates due to the influx of people. Overcrowding can exacerbate issues like pollution and poor sanitation, further impacting the quality of urban life.

An urban profile illustrates the physical and socio-economic layout of an urban area, depicting the distribution of different functions and land uses across the city.

High demand for commercial space and limited land availability leads to high building density in the Central Business District (CBD).

The transitional zone is known as the zone of transition due to its mixed-use characteristics, where residential, commercial, and industrial developments coexist, often indicating a shift in land use patterns.

1. Increased crime rates deter businesses from operating in the CBD, leading to a loss of commercial functions.
2. Escalating rental costs push businesses out of the CBD as they seek more affordable locations.

The exodus of functions has led to declining economic activity in the CBD, resulting in abandoned properties, reduced foot traffic, and a deterioration of the area’s overall appeal for businesses and visitors alike.

'It struggles to recover from 23,000 job losses since April and falling commodity prices from key markets like China.'

Mining contributes 7% towards the South African economy.

The government believes that the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors should be developed to grow South Africa's economy.

The recent downturn has led to reduced incomes from exports, decreased employment opportunities, and lowered investments in the sector, negatively affecting South Africa's economic stability.

Factors contributing to the instability of the mining sector include fluctuating global demand for minerals, operational inefficiencies, increasing costs of production, and regulatory uncertainties. Additionally, socio-economic challenges such as labor strikes and community opposition to mining operations further complicate the sector. These elements combined create an unpredictable environment, deterring investment and hampering growth.

A spatial development initiative (SDI) refers to a strategic program designed to promote growth and development in underdeveloped areas by enhancing economic opportunities and infrastructure.

Mozambique

The Wild Coast was selected due to its potential for growth and development in tourism and infrastructure.

1. Improved transport infrastructure will make destinations more accessible for tourists.
2. Enhanced local services and facilities will improve the overall tourist experience.

Both SDIs have facilitated economic growth, created job opportunities, and improved access to services in local communities, enhancing their quality of life.