3.1 Choose a term in COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN A - NSC Geography - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 1

The correct term for this description is D: junction towns.

The correct term for this description is G: gap towns.

The correct term for this description is I: military towns.

The correct term for this description is E: specialized towns.

The correct term for this description is E: specialized towns.

The correct term for this description is F: resort towns.

The correct term for this description is A: mining towns.

The economic sector is classified as primary.

The primary economic activity that has shown the lowest growth rate is agriculture, forestry and fishing.

The economic activity projected to show the lowest growth rate in 2018 is general government.

The tertiary activity with the highest growth rate projected for 2018 is electricity, gas and water.

'General government' would be classified into the tertiary sector.

The year with the highest total GDP growth of all economic activities is 2011.

The GDP growth rate for finance, insurance and business services from 2016 to 2018 is 1.7%.

Rural-urban migration is the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas in search of better employment opportunities and living conditions.

Two environmental push factors are drought and floods.

Rural-urban migration can lead to a decrease in the labor force left behind, resulting in reduced agricultural output and less economic activity, which causes stagnation.

Pull factors such as better employment opportunities and enhanced living conditions in urban areas draw people from rural areas, leading to increased population density. This influx places pressure on municipal services such as housing, transportation, waste management, and healthcare. Urban municipalities struggle to provide sufficient services amidst the rising demand, often resulting in overcrowding, increased traffic, and strain on public facilities. Furthermore, local governments may face higher costs without a proportional increase in revenue, making it challenging to maintain infrastructure and quality of life. Consequently, urban areas face significant socio-economic challenges as they respond to the ongoing migration.

Land-use zone A is identified as the Central Business District (CBD).

Evidence of the high degree of accessibility includes the convergence of roads from various directions and the presence of public transport options.

High accessibility leads to a high density of buildings in zone A, with skyscrapers and multi-storey infrastructure dominating the urban landscape.

The urban profile can include varying heights of buildings labeled as Low-rise, Medium-rise, and High-rise structures transitioning from B to C.

Buildings are often poorly maintained due to economic decline in the area, lack of investment, and urban decay.

High land values in the transition zone can be attributed to its proximity to the CBD and the potential for redevelopment.

An agricultural product exported in unprocessed form is maize.

An unprocessed agricultural product is a raw commodity, while a processed product has undergone transformation or conversion to improve its utility or shelf life, for example, milling maize into flour.

The disadvantage is that unprocessed goods often yield lower profits compared to processed goods, as they are sold for less.

A physical factor is low and unreliable rainfall, which limits agricultural productivity.

The decline in the number of people employed in the agricultural sector can be attributed to several factors, including mechanization and changes in agricultural practices that require fewer workers. Additionally, the impact of climate change can lead to unpredictable yields, prompting farmers to seek alternative livelihoods. As jobs in agriculture diminish, many individuals may face unemployment or underemployment, which can exacerbate rural poverty. The shift away from traditional farming practices also reduces the availability of jobs, leaving many communities vulnerable and economically strained. This decline not only affects the individuals who lose their jobs but also the broader economy, as reduced agricultural output impacts food security and local markets.

The West Coast SDI is located in the province of Western Cape.

An economic activity contributing to the growth of the West Coast SDI is tourism.

The growth of tourism is fueled by the region's natural beauty and attractions, drawing visitors for recreational purposes.

Energy and water are essential for industrial growth as they are critical for manufacturing processes, powering machinery, and sustaining production activities, thereby enabling economic development.

Well-developed transport links facilitate the movement of goods and people, improving accessibility for businesses and encouraging investment, thereby stimulating economic growth in the West Coast SDI.

The West Coast SDI will contribute to the economy by creating jobs, improving infrastructure, and attracting investments, leading to sustainable economic development in the region.