4.1 Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN A - NSC Geography - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 1

D (Quaternary)

B (Tertiary)

C (Export market)

C (Gross Domestic Product)

A (PWV-Gauteng)

D (Industrial centralisation)

B (Secondary activities)

D (Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage)

Rural-urban migration is the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas, typically in search of better employment opportunities, education, and living standards.

Migrants expect improved employment opportunities, better salaries, and enhanced living conditions in urban areas.

Rural-urban migration may not always lead to better living standards due to challenges like high living costs, inadequate housing, and job scarcity in urban areas, which can result in migrants facing poverty or substandard living conditions.

Rural-urban migration can lead to urban overcrowding, straining public services such as healthcare and education. Increased demand for housing may result in informal settlements, exacerbating issues related to sanitation and infrastructure. Boom in migration often leads to heightened traffic congestion and pollution, adversely affecting urban living conditions. Furthermore, as more rural inhabitants migrate, the rural areas may suffer from labor shortages, hindering local agricultural productivity and economic development.

An urban profile illustrates the spatial arrangement of different land uses in a city, detailing the distribution of residential, commercial, and industrial areas.

Building density in the CBD is high due to the competition for limited space, as it is the most accessible part of the city for businesses and services.

The transitional zone is referred to as the zone of transition because it serves as a buffer area between different land uses, typically where urban and rural environments meet, leading to mixed land-uses.

One problem is high rental costs, which push businesses to relocate to more affordable areas. Another issue is traffic congestion, which disrupts access to the CBD and discourages customers.

The exodus of commercial functions from the CBD has led to economic decline, as shops and services leave the area. This has resulted in vacant buildings, decreased property values, and a deterioration of the urban environment, ultimately weakening the city's economic viability.

'It is struggling to recover from 23,000 job losses since April and falling commodity prices from key markets like China.'

Mining contributes 7% to the South African economy.

The government believes that the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors should be developed to bolster South Africa's economy.

The recent downturn has led to reduced income from exports, negatively impacting the balance of trade and causing financial strain on the mining industry, ultimately leading to job losses.

Factors contributing to the instability of the mining sector include fluctuating global commodity prices, particularly from major markets like China. Increased operating costs due to inflation and regulatory compliance have also impacted profitability. Moreover, social unrest and labor strikes have disrupted operations, leading to significant production losses. Additionally, environmental concerns and strict regulations require costly modifications to mining operations, further straining the sector.

A spatial development initiative (SDI) is a strategic plan aimed at promoting economic growth and development in specific geographic areas, particularly those that are underdeveloped but have potential for growth.

Mozambique.

The Wild Coast was selected for its potential to provide access to scenic beauty for tourism development.

The Maputo Development Corridor will enhance infrastructure, making transportation easier for residents and businesses. Additionally, improved access to markets will create economic opportunities, stimulating local employment.

These initiatives have provided jobs, improved local infrastructure, and facilitated businesses, enabling local communities to sell their goods and access broader markets.