3.1 Refer to Source 3A - NSC History - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 2

The working class depended on the clothing and textile industry because it directly employed a significant number of people, providing essential livelihoods. Approximately 20% of the workforce relied on this sector for their survival, as it was one of the dominant employment sectors.

China's entry into the global market introduced cheaper clothing and textile imports, which severely impacted local manufacturers. Local firms faced reduced demand for their products as their prices could not compete with imported goods. Many factories struggled to survive, leading to closures. The influx of Chinese products reduced the bargaining power of local workers and diminished their job security, contributing to the decline of the local industry.

(a) Globalisation led large firms to focus on cost-cutting measures like outsourcing and downsizing. This resulted in reduced workforce numbers as firms struggled to remain competitive in a global market, leading to job losses.

(b) Small and medium enterprises faced challenges such as increased competition from large corporations and foreign imports. This competition made it difficult for these businesses to sustain themselves, often resulting in closures and further job losses.

The three reasons include: 1) Rising labour costs that eroded profits. 2) The influx of cheaper imports, which undercut local pricing. 3) The increase in illegally imported goods that bypassed regulations.

SACTWU likely disagreed with the Cape Clothing Association because they perceived the reasons for job losses differently, focusing instead on the role of government policies that favored imports and did not adequately protect local industries. They believed that the labour costs were not the primary issue, as other factors significantly influenced job losses.

The source is useful for historians as it provides insights into the economic challenges facing the industry and lists specific reasons cited for job losses. It highlights the perspectives of both the Cape Clothing Association and SACTWU, reflecting the broader socio-economic context and assisting in understanding the impacts of globalization.

The poster conveys a warning about the risks of clothing factories closing due to globalization pressures. It emphasizes the importance of supporting local industries and advocates for workers' rights, highlighting job security concerns.

COSATU produced the poster in response to the rising threat of job losses due to factory closures. They wanted to raise awareness among workers about the risks of globalization and encourage solidarity in the fight for jobs in the local industry.

Sources 3B and 3C both highlight the adverse effects of globalization on job losses in the clothing and textile industry. Source 3B identifies specific reasons for job losses, while Source 3C emphasizes the urgency of addressing these issues through local support initiatives. Together, they illustrate a comprehensive view of the challenges faced by the industry.