‘The international anti-apartheid movements call for boycotts, disinvestment and sanctions contributed significantly towards the downfall of the apartheid regime in South Africa in the 1980s.’ Do you agree with the statement? Substantiate your answer with relevant historical evidence. - NSC History - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 2

I fully agree with the statement as the actions of international movements significantly impacted South Africa’s economy and international standing. The Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) in Britain, for example, worked tirelessly to promote cultural and economic boycotts of South Africa. They successfully advocated for the withdrawal of various businesses, such as Barclays Bank, from South African business dealings, thereby diminishing financial support for the regime.

Sanctions imposed by countries, particularly by the USA and European nations, were crucial. In 1985, the Chase Manhattan Bank severed its ties with South Africa, demonstrating the international financial community's refusal to support the apartheid regime. The sanctions led to increased unemployment and poverty, making it very difficult for the regime to maintain control.

Cultural boycotts also played a significant role. British and American musicians refused to perform in South Africa, while South African athletes were excluded from international sporting events, such as the Olympics. These actions alienated South Africa from the global community and provided moral support to internal resistance movements.

In conclusion, the combination of disinvestment, sanctions, and boycotts created a powerful pressure system against the apartheid government. It not only hurt them economically but also strengthened local resistance movements, thereby indeed contributing significantly to the downfall of apartheid in South Africa.