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QUESTION 1: HOW DID THE UNITED DEMOCRATIC FRONT (UDF) RESPOND TO THE APARTHEID REFORMS INTRODUCED BY PW BOTHA IN 1983? 1.1 Refer to Source 1A - NSC History - Question 1 - 2021 - Paper 2
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QUESTION 1: HOW DID THE UNITED DEMOCRATIC FRONT (UDF) RESPOND TO THE APARTHEID REFORMS INTRODUCED BY PW BOTHA IN 1983? 1.1 Refer to Source 1A. 1.1.1 Name TWO apart... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:QUESTION 1: HOW DID THE UNITED DEMOCRATIC FRONT (UDF) RESPOND TO THE APARTHEID REFORMS INTRODUCED BY PW BOTHA IN 1983? 1.1 Refer to Source 1A - NSC History - Question 1 - 2021 - Paper 2
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1.1.2 Explain what is implied by the statement: '… what he (PW Botha) had in mind was not reform but rather a reformulation (restructuring) of apartheid.'
Answer
This statement implies that PW Botha's intentions were not to abolish apartheid but to adapt and continue the system in a way that maintained white dominance. The reforms were designed to give an illusion of change while preserving the core elements of apartheid, therefore reinforcing racial segregation.
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1.1.3 Define the term tricameral parliament in your own words.
Answer
A tricameral parliament refers to a legislative body that consists of three chambers, specifically designed in South Africa to include separate representation for white, coloured, and Indian communities, effectively excluding the black majority from any political power.
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1.1.4 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain why you think the black majority was excluded from the new legislation.
Answer
The exclusion of the black majority from the new legislation was primarily aimed at preserving white political and socio-economic control. This was achieved through legislative frameworks that deliberately marginalized black voices and interests, ensuring that the status quo remained intact. The black majority's absence from the parliament was a continuation of a long history of disenfranchisement, ensuring whites retained legislative power.
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1.1.5 Identify FOUR legislative powers in the source that the white minority had over black urban councils.
Answer
- The ability to appoint and dismiss council members.
- Control over budget allocations.
- Power to regulate land use and housing.
- Authority to dictate policies and decisions affecting urban planning.
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1.2.1 Why, according to the source, did Rev. Dr Allan Boesak refer to the launch of the UDF as a historic moment? Give ONE reason.
Answer
Rev. Dr Allan Boesak referred to the launch of the UDF as a historic moment because it united various anti-apartheid organizations under one banner, signifying a collective front against apartheid oppression.
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1.2.2 Quote evidence from the source that shows that the meeting called by the UDF was not merely a gathering of loose individuals.
Answer
The source highlights that the UDF 'brought together under the aegis of the UDF the broadest and most significant coalition of groups and organizations vigorously against apartheid.'
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1.2.3 Explain the meaning of Rev. Dr Allan Boesak's statement, 'The homelands policy forms the basis of the wilful exclusion of 80% of our nation from the new political deal.'
Answer
Rev. Boesak's statement indicates that the homelands policy was a deliberate strategy to isolate and exclude the majority of South Africans, particularly black individuals, from participating in the political process, thereby limiting their rights and representation.
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1.2.4 Why would a historian consider this source to be reliable regarding the launch of the UDF?
Answer
A historian might consider this source reliable because Rev. Dr Allan Boesak was a prominent leader within the UDF, directly involved in the founding and operation of the organization, thus providing firsthand insights into its goals and activities.
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1.3.1 Explain what is implied by the words in the poster, 'DON'T VOTE IN APARTHEID ELECTIONS!', in the context of the UDF's resistance to the introduction of the tricameral parliament in 1983.
Answer
The words in the poster imply a call to action from the UDF for individuals to abstain from participating in elections that were fundamentally unjust and excluded the majority from meaningful representation. It signifies a protest against a system that aimed to legitimize apartheid through a facade of democratic processes.
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1.3.2 Comment on the slogan 'FORWARD TO FREEDOM!' held by the UDF supporters, in the context of resistance to PW Botha's apartheid reforms.
Answer
The slogan 'FORWARD TO FREEDOM!' embodies the aspirations of UDF supporters to strive for a future free from oppression. It reflects their determination to resist PW Botha's apartheid reforms and emphasizes their commitment to achieving true liberation for all South Africans.
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1.4 Explain how the evidence in Source 1C supports the information in Source 1B regarding the UDF's internal resistance against apartheid reforms in 1983.
Answer
Source 1C emphasizes the unity among various groups resisting apartheid, which aligns with Source 1B's assertion of the UDF's formation as a crucial alliance. Both sources illustrate that the UDF operated as a coalition committed to challenging Botha's policies, demonstrating the grassroots support and organized efforts that characterized their resistance during this period.
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1.5.2 Explain the term boycott in the context of the UDF's reaction during the elections for the tricameral parliament.
Answer
The term boycott refers to the UDF's strategy of refusing to participate in the elections as a form of protest against the exclusionary nature of the tricameral parliament. This action was meant to delegitimize the electoral process and draw attention to the ongoing injustices of the apartheid system.
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1.5.3 Why do you think two-thirds of the white voters endorsed the constitution in a referendum held in November 1983?
Answer
Two-thirds of the white voters likely endorsed the constitution due to a combination of factors, including a desire to maintain political stability and economic advantage, as well as an understanding of the constitutional framework as a means to secure their rights within the apartheid system.
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1.5.4 Comment on why the United States State Department believed that Botha's reforms were 'a step in the right direction'.
Answer
The United States State Department viewed Botha's reforms as a step in the right direction because they believed the changes could lead to greater inclusion of non-white communities in the political process, thereby reducing tensions and the potential for conflict in South Africa while simultaneously advancing U.S. interests in the region.
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1.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT LINES (about 800 words) explaining how the United Democratic Front (UDF) responded to the apartheid reforms introduced by PW Botha in 1983.
Answer
The United Democratic Front (UDF) emerged as a significant force against apartheid in the early 1980s, opposing the reforms introduced by PW Botha. The UDF rallied various organizations and groups, promoting a united front to resist the exclusionary practices of the tricameral parliament that disenfranchised the black majority. Through protests, mass mobilization, and campaigns such as 'DON'T VOTE IN APARTHEID ELECTIONS!', the UDF emphasized the illegitimacy of the elections and called for a comprehensive boycott. This grassroots activism not only challenged Botha's policies but also sought to raise awareness of the systemic injustices entrenched within the apartheid regime. The coalition strengthened solidarity among diverse communities and fostered a powerful sense of resistance that would play a crucial role in the larger struggle for freedom and equality in South Africa.