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Critically discuss how Steve Biko and the philosophy of Black Consciousness mobilised black South Africans to challenge the apartheid government in the 1960s and 1970s. - NSC History - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 2
Question 4
Critically discuss how Steve Biko and the philosophy of Black Consciousness mobilised black South Africans to challenge the apartheid government in the 1960s and 197... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Critically discuss how Steve Biko and the philosophy of Black Consciousness mobilised black South Africans to challenge the apartheid government in the 1960s and 1970s. - NSC History - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 2
Step 1
Introduction
Answer
Steve Biko was a pivotal figure in the fight against apartheid in South Africa. His philosophy of Black Consciousness emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, focusing on empowering black South Africans by fostering a sense of pride and identity. This served as a rallying call for mobilising resistance against the oppressive apartheid regime.
Step 2
Political vacuum
Answer
In the wake of the banning of major political parties like the ANC and PAC in 1960, a political vacuum emerged. This context allowed Biko's philosophy to take root, as many black South Africans sought self-definition and empowerment in a landscape where leadership was suppressed.
Step 3
Mobilisation as Self-Identity
Answer
Biko's philosophy emphasised self-acceptance, self-confidence, and an understanding of one's own identity. It encouraged individuals to reject the debilitating effects of apartheid, fostering a collective identity that empowered the oppressed. This was crucial in mobilising black South Africans to take a stand against the regime.
Step 4
Step 5
Community Mobilisation
Answer
Biko's influence extended to community organisations. Initiatives like the Black People’s Convention (BPC) were established, promoting grassroots mobilization. Biko and his supporters worked with groups such as the Black Allied Workers Union (BAWU) to raise awareness and support local struggles against apartheid.
Step 6
The Soweto Uprising
Answer
The culmination of Biko's ideology and activism led to crucial events such as the Soweto Uprising in 1976. The protest of thousands of students against the imposition of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction showcased the awakening of political consciousness among black South Africans, influenced heavily by the principles Biko championed.
Step 7
Conclusion
Answer
Through his philosophy of Black Consciousness, Steve Biko significantly mobilised black South Africans to challenge the apartheid government. His legacy persists as a symbol of resistance and empowerment, illustrating the potential of collective identity in the struggle for freedom.