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The philosophy of Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement played an important role in organising black South Africans against the apartheid regime in the 1960s and 1970s - NSC History - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 2
Question 4
The philosophy of Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement played an important role in organising black South Africans against the apartheid regime in the 196... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The philosophy of Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement played an important role in organising black South Africans against the apartheid regime in the 1960s and 1970s - NSC History - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 2
Step 1
Introduction
Answer
The philosophy of Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) significantly influenced black South Africans in their struggle against the apartheid regime. This essay will critically discuss the contributions of Biko and the BCM in fostering a sense of identity, pride, and political activism among black South Africans during the 1960s and 1970s. Relevant historical evidence will be provided to support these arguments.
Step 2
Political vacuum (Background information)
Answer
The political landscape in 1960 saw the banning of parties such as the ANC and PAC, which left a vacuum in leadership. This environment became fertile ground for Biko and the BCM, who sought to empower black South Africans by instilling a sense of self-worth and enabling them to reject oppression.
Step 3
Role of Biko and the BCM in organising black South Africans around the philosophy
Answer
Biko infused a sense of pride among black South Africans by encouraging them to accept their identities. He emphasized self-reliance and the need to challenge external societal forces that perpetuated inferiority complexes. This philosophy played a critical role in mobilising blacks to form organizations resistant to apartheid rule.
Step 4
Role of Biko and the BCM in their political organisation of black South Africans
Answer
As organizations like SASO emerged, Biko's philosophy was translated into tangible actions. These groups organised protests and movements against systemic oppression, culminating in significant events that highlighted the struggle for liberation.
Step 5
Role of Biko and the BCM in organising black South Africans through Labour
Answer
The BCM also influenced the formation of unions to advocate for workers' rights. Biko's leadership saw the establishment of the Black Allied Workers Union (BAWU), which was crucial in organizing strikes and demanding fair labor practices.
Step 6
Role of Biko and the BCM in organising black South Africans through Community Programmes
Answer
Biko’s banishment diverted his focus to community initiatives, promoting self-sufficiency. This included establishing health clinics and educational programmes that aimed to uplift the black community devoid of white assistance.
Step 7
Role of Biko and the BCM in organising student protests
Answer
Influenced by SASO and Biko's philosophy, student movements became increasingly active. The Hector Pieterson protest of 1976 serves as a pivotal moment where students opposed the imposition of Afrikaans in schools, rallying against an oppressive educational system.
Step 8
Conclusion
Answer
In conclusion, the philosophy of Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement was instrumental in galvanising black South Africans against apartheid. Their emphasis on self-identity, community empowerment, and political organisation laid the groundwork for significant resistance movements during the 1960s and 1970s, ultimately contributing to the broader struggle for liberation.