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'The release of Nelson Mandela in 1990 was a turning point in South Africa’s history.' Evaluate this statement by explaining how the process of negotiations amongst the various political role players led to the first democratic election in 1994. - NSC History - Question 5 - 2017 - Paper 2
Question 5
'The release of Nelson Mandela in 1990 was a turning point in South Africa’s history.' Evaluate this statement by explaining how the process of negotiations amongst... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:'The release of Nelson Mandela in 1990 was a turning point in South Africa’s history.' Evaluate this statement by explaining how the process of negotiations amongst the various political role players led to the first democratic election in 1994. - NSC History - Question 5 - 2017 - Paper 2
Step 1
Introduction
Answer
The release of Nelson Mandela in 1990 marked a significant turning point in South African history, facilitating the end of apartheid and the transition towards democracy. This process of negotiations among various political entities was crucial for the establishment of a democratic South Africa in 1994.
Step 2
Explain the Context - De Klerk's Rise and Actions
Answer
F.W. de Klerk rose to power in 1989 and initiated key reforms. His speech on unbanning political organizations established the groundwork for dialogue between the government and groups like the ANC and SACP. The decision to release Mandela on February 11, 1990, was pivotal, signaling a commitment to negotiations.
Step 3
Key Events Leading Up to the 1994 Elections
Answer
The violence in Sebokeng in 1990 increased tensions, necessitating further negotiations. The Groote Schuur Minute in May 1990 and the Pretoria Minute in August 1990 highlighted the progress in talks. The agreement to suspend armed struggle was crucial in moving forward.
Step 4
The Negotiation Process - CODESA
Answer
The Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), initiated in 1991, was an important platform for political dialogue, with participation from various political factions. The violence in Natal between the ANC and IFP occurred during these talks but was addressed through continued negotiation, showcasing the complexities involved.
Step 5
Constitutional Framework and Final Agreements
Answer
CODESA 2 in 1992 led to the drafting of a new constitution aiming to end apartheid formally. The agreement also included the establishment of an interim government, which set the stage for the elections, reflecting a broad consensus despite ongoing violence.
Step 6
Conclusion
Answer
In conclusion, the release of Nelson Mandela was not just a singular event; it embodied a series of negotiations and agreements amongst various political entities that ultimately paved the way for the first democratic election in 1994. This transformative period fundamentally changed the trajectory of South Africa.