The travel agency has a LAN in the office building - NSC Information Technology - Question 2 - 2017 - Paper 2

The BIOS is found on the ROM chip of the computer motherboard, or it can be located on another type of ROM.

1. System Check: The BIOS checks that all hardware components are connected and functioning correctly during the Power-On Self Test (POST).

2. Boot Configuration: It provides a menu for configuring system settings, enabling the selection of the boot device and other fundamental hardware settings.

The term used is Multiprocessing.

The main aim of caching is to prevent a slower medium from slowing down the performance of a faster medium.

Disk caching enhances performance by using high-speed RAM to store frequently accessed data. This allows for quicker data retrieval from the cache rather than directly from slower storage mediums like hard drives, leading to overall faster operation and a more efficient system.

One factor is Upgrading RAM. Increasing the RAM allows the computer to hold more data and instructions in memory, reducing the need for swapping data to and from the hard drive, and thus enhancing overall speed and efficiency.

The common task executed by both an interpreter and a compiler is Converting high-level language code into machine code that can be understood by the CPU.

1. Compatibility: Ensure that any new hardware or software is compatible with existing systems to prevent functionality issues.

2. Cost: Assess the financial impact of the upgrades to ensure they align with the agency's budgetary constraints.

1. Decrease Brightness: Lowering the screen brightness can significantly reduce energy consumption in monitor displays, saving electricity.

2. Use Power-Efficient Devices: Investing in energy-efficient hardware can further reduce power usage, leading to overall cost savings.

1. Increased Productivity: Computers enhance productivity by streamlining processes and allowing employees to complete tasks more efficiently, which can lead to higher overall output.

2. Cost Savings: As electronic communication reduces the need for physical documents, there's a noticeable decrease in printing and paper costs, contributing to significant savings.

1. Backup Schedule: An effective backup program should include a clear schedule for regular backups (daily, weekly, and monthly) to ensure that data is consistently protected.

2. Incremental Backups: Implementing incremental backups, which only save changes made since the last backup, can optimize storage use and save time during the backup process.

Disk fragmentation occurs when files are stored non-contiguously on the hard drive, resulting in slower access and reduced performance as the read/write head must move more to gather all parts of a file.

1. Smaller Physical Dimensions: SSDs are usually more compact compared to traditional hard drives, making them ideal for slim portable devices.

2. Increased Robustness: SSDs are more robust as they have no moving parts, which reduces the risk of physical damage during transport and enhances data reliability.