3.1 State the function of EACH of the following components in a network: (a) Switch (b) Wireless access point (c) Router (d) Server 3.1.2 A firewall is essential in a network to safeguard against breaches in security - NSC Information Technology - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 2

The wireless access point sends and receives data via radio waves, facilitating wireless connectivity for devices to access the network.

The router directs data to its correct destination and manages communication between different networks, effectively connecting users to the internet.

A server provides resources to clients in a network, sharing data and network resources, while also managing access and security.

1. Using anti-virus/anti-malware software to protect against threats.
2. Keeping all software up to date to ensure vulnerabilities are patched.

1. A large number of users connected to the access point, leading to congestion.
2. Electromagnetic interference from other devices affecting signal strength.

Torrenting involves downloading files that are split into smaller segments. These segments are sourced from multiple users (peers) who share them. The process reduces the load on any single user and allows for faster downloads by accessing multiple sources simultaneously.

The component in FIGURE 1 that indicates a star topology is the switch, which connects all devices in a centralized fashion.

The single biggest disadvantage of using a star topology is that if the central switch fails, the entire network becomes inoperative.

A file syncing service ensures that all devices have the latest version of files, keeping them updated across platforms. In contrast, a backup service focuses on creating copies of files for recovery purposes in case of data loss.

1. Users require internet access to access their stored data.
2. There is a risk of data loss if the cloud service provider goes out of business.

Optical fibre is recommended for uploading large amounts of data due to its high bandwidth capacity and speed, allowing for efficient data transfer compared to other communication mediums.

A cookie is stored locally on the user's device.

An example of data stored by a cookie is the user's location preferences on a website.

An app is often preferred because it can provide a more user-friendly experience, allowing for faster loading times, personalized notifications, and easier access to features than a web browser.

A virtual community refers to people who connect online based on shared interests or beliefs, forming a digital space for interaction.

One advancement from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 is the development of dynamic webpages that allow for user interaction and content creation.

The IoT, or Internet of Things, refers to the network of interconnected devices that communicate with each other and can exchange data.

An example of IoT in a smart home is a smart thermostat that adjusts the temperature based on user preferences and input from other devices.