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Between 2012 and 2020, there were 25,000 individuals affected by hemophilia in a certain country - NSC Life Sciences - Question 3 - 2024 - Paper 2
Question 3
Between 2012 and 2020, there were 25,000 individuals affected by hemophilia in a certain country. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation. The pie cha... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Between 2012 and 2020, there were 25,000 individuals affected by hemophilia in a certain country - NSC Life Sciences - Question 3 - 2024 - Paper 2
Step 1
1.1 Clearly explain the effect of the mutation on an individual.
Answer
The mutation responsible for hemophilia disrupts the normal function of specific clotting factors in the blood. As a result, individuals with this mutation experience difficulties in forming blood clots effectively, leading to excessive bleeding from injuries or spontaneous bleeding episodes. This condition poses significant health risks, as even minor wounds can result in severe blood loss, making it crucial for individuals to manage their activities to prevent injuries.
Step 2
2. Calculate the percentage of individuals in this country with a moderate degree of hemophilia. Show ALL workings.
Answer
To calculate the percentage of individuals with a moderate degree of hemophilia, you can use the following formula:
ext{Percentage} = rac{ ext{Number of Individuals}}{ ext{Total Individuals}} imes 100From the chart, 25% of the 25,000 individuals have moderate hemophilia:
ext{Number with moderate hemophilia} = 25000 imes rac{25}{100} = 6250Thus, the percentage of individuals with moderate hemophilia is 25%.
Step 3
3.3 Explain why there is a higher risk for individuals who consider themselves to belong to an area more prone to the disease.
Answer
Individuals in areas with higher incidences of hemophilia may be at an increased risk due to several factors, including:
- Genetic predisposition: In communities with a higher prevalence of hemophilia, there may be a greater number of carriers of the genetic mutation, leading to increased rates of the disorder.
- Environmental factors: Certain environmental conditions or lifestyles that promote the expression of this genetic mutation can lead to a higher occurrence of hemophilia in that area.
- Lack of medical resources: Areas with limited healthcare resources may not provide adequate preventative measures or treatments, further increasing risks among individuals.