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Area A is located along the west coast of South Africa where a river flows into the ocean - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 4
Area A is located along the west coast of South Africa where a river flows into the ocean. A small town is located on the one side of the river while there is a lago... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Area A is located along the west coast of South Africa where a river flows into the ocean - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Define the concept of a biosphere reserve.
Answer
A biosphere reserve is defined as an area that encompasses terrestrial, marine, and coastal ecosystems. It promotes the conservation of nature while allowing for multiple human uses of the ecosystems within the reserve in a sustainable manner. These reserves often aim to provide greater protection than other areas to ensure the preservation of biodiversity.
Step 2
Explain how you intend to estimate the current fish stock along the West Coast using the Catch per Unit Effort method. In your answer, also state which decision variables need to be considered.
Answer
To estimate the current fish stock, I would employ the Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) method, which involves regular monitoring of fish catches by local fishers. The critical decision variables to consider include the number of fishers participating, the amount of gear used, and the duration of fishing trips. This data allows us to calculate the CPUE, which can indicate the health of fish populations; a stable CPUE suggests a stable population, while a decreasing CPUE suggests declining fish stocks.
Step 3
Explain how the lagoon could potentially be suitable as an area for recreational fishing as well as ecotourism.
Answer
The lagoon could serve as a prime location for recreational fishing due to its relatively calm waters and diverse fish species. This environment can attract both local and tourist anglers, enhancing the local economy. Additionally, the lagoon’s rich biodiversity may provide excellent opportunities for ecotourism activities such as boat tours, bird watching, and educational programs about marine ecosystems, promoting conservation and sustainability.
Step 4
Discuss the principles and guidelines of The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) that would need to be followed if ecotourism is to be encouraged at the area.
Answer
The TIES guidelines emphasize minimizing negative impacts on tourist destinations and local communities. Key principles include building awareness and respect among tourists, providing positive experiences for both visitors and hosts, and generating financial benefits for local communities generated by ecotourism. Implementing these principles would not only enhance the viability of ecotourism in Area A but also support the local economy and conservation efforts.
Step 5
Elaborate on the possible reasons why some members of the community might be against the establishment of a reserve, while other members might be in favor of it.
Answer
Opposition among some community members could stem from fears of restricted fishing rights, particularly among fishers who rely on fishing for their livelihood. Concerns about losing access to traditional fishing areas may lead to resistance against the biosphere reserve. Conversely, other members might support the reserve due to its potential to attract tourism, create job opportunities, and preserve the natural environment for future generations. They may view the reserve as a way to enhance the area's beauty and ecological importance, promoting financial benefits through conservation.