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Read the case study and view the map below to answer the question that follows - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 4
Read the case study and view the map below to answer the question that follows. The map below is an area found along the south coast of South Africa. The area withi... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read the case study and view the map below to answer the question that follows - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
Define and explain what MPAs are.
Answer
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are designated regions within the ocean where human activities are regulated to preserve the natural environment and its biodiversity. MPAs are established to achieve the conservation of marine life, protect the habitats of various species, and maintain cultural values. They can come in various forms, including biosphere reserves, fishery reserves, marine sanctuaries, and no-take marine reserves. By limiting activities such as fishing, tourism, and industrial exploitation, MPAs aim to restore ecosystems and promote the sustainable use of marine resources.
Step 2
Discuss how Pressey's checklist will be used as a participatory approach with the stakeholders and residents when considering location A, to motivate for the expansion of the MPA.
Answer
Pressey’s checklist will facilitate stakeholder engagement by identifying and informing all parties involved, such as conservationists, local residents, and government officials, about the importance of ecosystem preservation. The first step involves recognizing and assessing the biodiversity in the areas of Infanta and Witsand, engaging stakeholders in discussions to gather their insights and concerns. Next, stakeholders will help set conservation goals, which will be translated into actionable objectives. Data regarding marine life and fishing activities will be collected and analyzed to ensure informed decisions are made, thereby motivating stakeholders to support the expansion by illustrating the potential benefits.
Step 3
Elaborate on how the local government will determine whether the MPA expansion project is successful or not.
Answer
Success will be evaluated based on biological indicators such as the health of marine populations and habitats in the newly designated area. Studies on biodiversity abundance, the presence of key species, and the overall ecosystem resilience will be implemented. The local government can also survey community residents to gauge their perspectives on changes in local marine resources and the quality of life. Moreover, regular monitoring and assessments of the MPA will provide data on ecological and socioeconomic impacts, helping to ascertain whether the goals of the expansion are being met.
Step 4
Discuss why location A should have been included as part of the original MPA.
Answer
Location A is critical to the ecological health of the region, being an estuary that serves as a breeding ground and nursery for various marine species. Estuaries are known to be biodiversity hotspots, providing essential habitats for several aquatic organisms. Inclusion of location A would ensure the protection of these vital resources and maintain ecological balance. Additionally, its incorporation into the MPA could facilitate better water quality and nutrient cycling, thereby benefiting adjacent habitats and contributing to sustainable tourism and fishing practices.
Step 5
Discuss the potential impact of the MPA extension project on the future functionality of the residents close to location A.
Answer
The MPA extension could bring both positive and negative impacts for the residents near location A. On the positive side, sustainable fishing practices and eco-tourism could offer new employment opportunities, enhancing the local economy. Increased conservation awareness may lead to better environmental stewardship among the community. Conversely, restrictions imposed by the MPA could limit residents' access to traditional fishing grounds, potentially impacting their livelihoods. Therefore, it is crucial to find a balance that protects the marine environment while considering the economic and social needs of the local population.